Ascorbic acid-loaded poly(lactic-co-glycolic acid) nanoparticles incorporated into a polyacrylic acid gel as a promising tool for site-specific oral cancer therapy

Authors

Nurul Ain Mohammad Hamdi
Ahmad Fahmi Harun Ismail
Muhammad Salahuddin
Widya Lestari

Abstract

Background: Chemotherapy is commonly used in oral cancer therapy, especially as the disease advances. However, it is associated with terrible adverse effects and the occurrence of chemoresistance which causes treatment failure. Thus, discovering a new potential anticancer agent and developing a safe, effective, and non-invasive drug delivery are necessary. Objective: The objective of the current study is to develop ascorbic acid-loaded poly(lactic-co-glycolic) acid (AA-PLGA) nanoparticles incorporated into polyacrylic acid gel intended to treat oral cancer. Materials and methods: Double emulsion solvent evaporation method was used to fabricate AA-PLGA nanoparticles. Optimization was carried out in the primary emulsion based on multilevel factorial design by testing at varying surfactant types and concentrations. The optimized nanoparticles formulation was further incorporated into different concentrations of polyacrylic acid gel, and compared with a mucoadhesive polyacrylic acid-based commercial product (Kin Care) as a reference. The optimized AA-PLGA nanoparticles were subjected to cytotoxic assay against the SCC-25 cell line. Results: For the optimized formulation, we observed particle size of 252 ± 2.98 nm, polydispersity index (PDI) of 0.151 ± 0.02, zeta potential of −20.93 ± 0.87 mV, and encapsulation efficiency of 69.73 ± 1.07%. Polyacrylic acid polymer with a strength of 1% was chosen as the optimum gelling agent for AA-PLGA nanoparticles-in-gel formulation. Cytotoxicity study of the optimized nanoparticle demonstrated significant (P < 0.05) reduction of cancer cell viability in a dose-dependent manner with a half-maximal inhibitory concentration value of 2.42 mg/mL. Conclusion: The results of the present study support the feasibility of AA-PLGA nanoparticles-in-gel formulation for oral cancer therapy

Publisher

Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Chulalongkorn University

First Page

696

Last Page

710

Recommended Citation

Mohammad Hamdi, Nurul Ain; Ismail, Ahmad Fahmi Harun; Salahuddin, Muhammad; and Lestari, Widya (2023) "Ascorbic acid-loaded poly(lactic-co-glycolic acid) nanoparticles incorporated into a polyacrylic acid gel as a promising tool for site-specific oral cancer therapy," The Thai Journal of Pharmaceutical Sciences: Vol. 46: Iss. 6, Article 10.
Available at: https://digital.car.chula.ac.th/tjps/vol46/iss6/10