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Abstract

Background: The aim of this study was to evaluate the effectiveness of a health literacy enhancement program on the health literacy and 3E2S health behaviors (eating, emotion, exercise, stop smoking and stop drinking). We also explored the facilitators and barriers for older adults in developing health literacy and self-care behaviors.

Methods: The study utilized a mixed methods sequential explanatory design. The participants (n = 60) were people aged 60 years and older living in the Hang Chat District, Lampang Province, which located in northern Thailand. The data were collected using pre- and post-questionnaires and an in-depth interview. Quantitative data were analyzed using descriptive statistics and paired t-test statistics. Thematic analysis of content was used to analyze the qualitative data.

Results: The mean scores for health literacy in the aspects of health information, health self-management, decision making, and 3E2S health behaviors after the completion of the health literacy enhancement program were higher than they were prior to the commencement of the program. The program also provided support to the participants in their re-engagement with health information and improved perceptions of control and self-efficacy. Facilitators for developing of health literacy and self-care behaviors included the support from the village health volunteers (VHVs) and local organizations. Barriers included unreliable content on social media, lack of time, as well as culture and family influence.

Conclusion: The findings suggest this program should be used to promote health for older adults in a community.

Keywords :Health literacy, Health behaviors, Older adults, Health literacy enhancement program, Thailand

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