Clinical Characteristics and Risk Factors Associated with Acute Kidney Injury among Hospitalized Primary COVID-19 Infected Patients

Authors

Monchai Siribamrungwong, Department of Internal Medicine, Lerdsin Hospital, College of Medicine, Rangsit University, Bangkok, ThailandFollow
Kamontip Chaikomon, Department of Internal Medicine, Lerdsin Hospital, College of Medicine, Rangsit University, Bangkok, ThailandFollow

Abstract

Background: Coronavirus disease 19 (COVID-19) mainly affects to respiratory system from mild to severe symptoms. Additionally, acute kidney injury (AKI) is an important complication causing substantially high morbidity and mortality. During the pandemic of COVID-19, Public health care in Thailand experienced many cases and complications.

Objectives: This study demonstrated an incidence, clinical characteristic, independent risk factors of AKI and mortality in hospitalized COVID-19 patients with AKI and non-AKI patients.

Methods: A retrospective, observational study was performed in Lesdsin Hospital from August 2021 to August 2022. A total of 576 hospitalized patients with diagnosis of COVID-19 infection were analyzed. AKI was diagnosed based on the extended Kidney Disease Global Outcomes (eKDIGO) criteria. Clinical characteristics were compared between COVID-19 patients with AKI and non-AKI patients. Independent risk factors were reported by adjusted odd ratios (aORs).

Results: One hundred and forty-five patients developed AKI. The AKI group had higher proportion of male, older patients, and higher rate of pneumonia. Independent risk factors were: male gender (aOR, 1.84; 95% CI: 1.15-2.95), age ≥60 years (aOR, 2.03; 95% CI: 1.17-3.52), CKD (aOR, 5.45; 95% CI: 2.02-14.69), CAD (aOR, 3.25; 95% CI: 1.06-9.19), pneumonia (aOR, 4.03; 95% CI: 1.54-10.54), serum potassium ≥4.5 mEq/L (aOR, 2.30; 95% CI: 1.05-5.02), and serum bicarbonate/L (aOR, 2.37; 95% CI: 1.32-4.27). Lower proportion of AKI was shown in patients with history of COVID-19 vaccination (aOR, 0.45; 95% CI: 0.25-0.81).

Conclusions: Independent risk factors had predictive value for AKI. Administration of COVID-19 vaccine had a potential role for AKI protection in patients with COVID-19.

DOI

10.56808/2673-060X.5724

First Page

1

Last Page

15

Recommended Citation

Siribamrungwong, Monchai and Chaikomon, Kamontip (2025) "Clinical Characteristics and Risk Factors Associated with Acute Kidney Injury among Hospitalized Primary COVID-19 Infected Patients," Chulalongkorn Medical Journal: Vol. 69: Iss. 6, Article 5.
DOI: https://doi.org/10.56808/2673-060X.5724
Available at: https://digital.car.chula.ac.th/clmjournal/vol69/iss6/5