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Journal of Metals, Materials and Minerals

Publication Date

2026

Abstract

Hot-wire tungsten inert gas (HW-TIG) cladding has been applied to the steam turbine rotor welding repair. This study investigated the effects of welding currents on microstructure, hardness, and corrosion behavior. The experiments were conducted using four different welding currents applied to bead-on-plate Inconel 625 welds on a 2.25Cr-1Mo steel substrate as the steam turbine rotor material. The selected welding currents were 125 A, 150 A, 175 A, and 200 A. The percentages of weld dilution for different welding currents were also evaluated. Higher welding currents increased weld dilution, weld bead width, and HAZ size. As the welding current increased, the nickel alloy weld metal became more diluted with the base metal. The microstructure of the weld metal was a dendritic austenite phase. The weld metal exhibited the highest hardness at 150 A, with an average of 240 HV0.2. And the lowest hardness at 200 A, with an average of 195 HV0.2. The electrochemical corrosion test performed in a 3.5% NaCl solution showed that the corrosion rate was lowest in the weld metal at 150 A. According to the analytical results, a welding current of 150 A was found to be the most suitable for repairing steam turbine rotors using the HW-TIG process.

DOI

10.55713/jmmm.v36i1.2422

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