Tin oxide nanoparticle extraction from waste solder dross via low-temperature hydrometallurgical process

Authors

• Tanongsak Yingnakorn
• Sirunya Somla
• Thanapon Chandakhiaw
• Ethan Cheung
• Sakhob Khumkoa

Publication Date

2025

Abstract

This study proposes a hydrometallurgical approach to valorising industrial waste by producing SnO2 nanoparticles (NPs) from waste solder dross obtained by skimming off of tin solder baths from electronic dipping processes. The process involves leaching the dross with aqueous hydrochloric acid solution and hydrogen peroxide, followed by precipitation with ammonium hydroxide and purification with aqueous nitric acid solution. The optimised leaching conditions were determined to be 4 mol∙ L‒1 HCl, 11% v/v H2O2, 25℃, and a leaching time of 15 min. SnO2 NPs were successfully precipitated at pH 4 using 25% v/v NH4OH and purified with 1 mol∙ L‒1 HNO3. The whole process was able to recover nearly 100% of tin from waste solder dross as SnO2 NPs, with a high purity of 99.5% and a particle size distribution of ca. 2 nm to 7 nm. The overall material balance and the simple cost of the process were evaluated to provide an idea of the economic viability and the possibility of scaling up the method detailed in this work.

DOI

10.55713/jmmm.v35i2.2185

First Page

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Last Page

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Recommended Citation

Yingnakorn, Tanongsak; Somla, Sirunya; Chandakhiaw, Thanapon; Cheung, Ethan; and Khumkoa, Sakhob (2025) "Tin oxide nanoparticle extraction from waste solder dross via low-temperature hydrometallurgical process," Journal of Metals, Materials and Minerals: Vol. 35: No. 2, Article 7.
DOI: 10.55713/jmmm.v35i2.2185
Available at: https://digital.car.chula.ac.th/jmmm/vol35/iss2/7