Comparative Global Warming Potential as Environment Protection Criteria of Production Systems: A Case Study of Philippine Chicken Meat Sector

Authors

Theresa M. Espino
Luzvisminda M. Bellotindos

Publication Date

2020-05-01

Abstract

Demand for chicken meat has been increasing tremendously over the years globally at an average 2.4% per annum and in the Philippines at an average of 3.4% per annum. In view of the sustainable development goal (SDG) 13: Climate Change, the chicken meat sector needs to embark on more efficient production. It is not just about producing enough food, but doing itin a sustainable way. This study aimed to demonstrate the identification, evaluation and comparison ofthe environmental impacts of Philippine chicken meat production systems. The analysis was done through the cradle-to-gate life cycle assessment (LCA) methodology and supported with the global livestock environmental assessment model interactive (GLEAM-i) system. The study evaluated 4 production systems in various sites, namely A: intensive broiler operations; B: small-scale broiler operations with own organic feeds; C: backyard free-range operations with own organic feeds; and D: backyard free-range operations using commercial feeds. Based on a functional unit of 1kg carcass weight (CW), the respective equivalent global warming potential (GWP) were established. System A (5.0 kg CO2-eqkg-1CW) has the lowest GWP, followed by B (5.15 kg CO2-eqkg-1CW), D (9.79 kg CO2-eqkg-1CW) and C (13.51 kg CO2-eqkg-1CW). Through LCA, the identified improvement opportunities include using locally sourced alternative for feed ingredient for A; increasing production yield to maximize the fixed inputs for B and C; and using locally sourced feed alternatives and increasing production yield for D. Well-established GWP indicators can help in shaping production and consumption patterns. It can help producers in improving operations and in establishing transparency and competitive advantage. While for consumers, it can make them well-informed and empowered in making eco-conscious purchases. This can have a long-term effect onawareness and involvement in environmental protection initiatives amongproducers, consumers and other concerned groups.

First Page

13

Last Page

26

Recommended Citation

Espino, Theresa M. and Bellotindos, Luzvisminda M. (2020) "Comparative Global Warming Potential as Environment Protection Criteria of Production Systems: A Case Study of Philippine Chicken Meat Sector," Applied Environmental Research: Vol. 42: No. 2, Article 2.
Available at: https://digital.car.chula.ac.th/aer/vol42/iss2/2