The Performance of the heat affected zone of 9% Ni steel narrow gap joint performed by the GMAW process with rotating electrode

Authors

• Jorge Carlos Ferreira Jorge
• Jeferson Frederico Monteiro Costa
• Matheus Campolina Mendes
• Luís Felipe Guimarães De Souza
• Hiron Akira Yamada Magalhães
• Leonardo Sales Araújo

Publication Date

2026

Abstract

This work investigates the mechanical properties and microstructural evolution of the heat-affected zone of 9% Ni steel narrow-gap welded joints produced by the GMAW process with a rotating electrode, since no literature on this subject is available. This process is an innovation of the GMAW process, which permits narrow gap welding because the circular motion of the electrode overcomes the main issue of the sidewall's lack of fusion observed in the conventional process. However, the rotation movement of the electric arc imposes a higher peak temperature at the heat affected zone, which can negatively affect the mechanical properties. The joints were welded in the flat position, preheated to 100°C, with a rotation frequency of 1500 rpm, a rotation diameter of 3 mm, and an average heat input of 2 kJ·mm‒1. The results obtained in metallographic examination by electron microscopy and backscattering diffraction, and tensile and Charpy-V impact tests revealed similar behavior of the heat-affected zone compared with the base metal. Thus, it is concluded that the 9% Ni steel welded by the GMAW process with a rotating electrode can be an advantageous alternative due to its higher productivity and mechanical properties that meet the requirements for industrial applications.

DOI

10.55713/jmmm.v36i3.2654

First Page

1

Last Page

10

Recommended Citation

Ferreira Jorge, Jorge Carlos; Monteiro Costa, Jeferson Frederico; Campolina Mendes, Matheus; Guimarães De Souza, Luís Felipe; Yamada Magalhães, Hiron Akira; and Sales Araújo, Leonardo (2026) "The Performance of the heat affected zone of 9% Ni steel narrow gap joint performed by the GMAW process with rotating electrode," Journal of Metals, Materials and Minerals: Vol. 36: No. 3, Article 11.
DOI: 10.55713/jmmm.v36i3.2654
Available at: https://digital.car.chula.ac.th/jmmm/vol36/iss3/11